动-静脉途径无泵驱动的体外膜肺氧合支持疗法

对无泵驱动的动-静脉途径体外膜肺氧合支持疗法进行分析总结,并与需泵驱动的静-动脉体外膜肺氧合支持疗法进行对比,结果证明体外膜肺氧合支持疗法采取动-静脉途径比静-动脉体途径更有利．     

无机膜应用于废润滑油再生

废润滑油污染对环境的潜在危害正日益显现,传统的废润滑油再生方法产生大量的酸性淤泥,造成二次污染,故提出膜分离应用于废润滑油再生的新思路,根据废油的特点来选取合适的膜来处理废润滑油,并利用降低油液黏度和压力膜过程来提高膜的渗透通量,使膜的渗透通量明显增加.     

Improved Performance of Membrane Bioreactor by Sludge Ozonation for Reduction of Excess Sludge Production

To seek for an alternative solution for the treatment and disposal of excess activated sludge, a hybrid system of membrane bioreactor ( MBR) coupled with ozonation process (i.e., ozonation run) was set up to treat the domestic wastewater. A reference run without ozonation was also preformed as a control. The optimal ozone dose of solubilization in the ozonation run was firstly determined through the batch sludge ozonation tests. A 40-day continuous operation of the two parallel systems demonstrated that circulation of ozonized sludge as lysate did not impact the performance of MBR in terms of organic and ammonia removal. On the contrary, an improvement in TN removal (by 7.7%) and sludge reduction (by 54%) was observed in the ozonation-combined MBR, and it was furthermore illustrated by the calculation of the mass balance based on the COD and TN substances. In addition,ozonation did not deteriorate the sludge activities for the ozonation run, indicating that not much inert organic materials built up in the bioreactor. Decreased VSS/SS ratio and lower amount of filamentous bacteria after ozonation treatment on the other hand improved the sludge settleability, as lower and constant Sluge Volume Index (SVI) values were detected in the ozonation run.     

Studies on Preparation and Properties of Proton Exchange Membranes Based on Phosphotungstic Acid/Silica and Polysulfonamide

Membranes formed by polysulfonamide (PSA) and phosphotungstic acid (PWA) supported on nano-silica have been prepared. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTTR) and thermogravimctric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the structure and thermal properties of obtained membranes. The analyses of water uptake, proton conductivity and mechanical properties of the membranes revealed that PWA and silica produced a beneficial effect on proton conduction of the membranes. The membranes with 50 wt% of PWA-SiQ2/PSA were mechanically stable and gave proton conductivity of 2. 57 × 10-2 S ?cm-1 at 90℃and 100% relative humidity. According to the obtained results, PWA and SiO2 doped PSA is a promising material for proton exchange membrane.     

PFSI／PTFE复合膜用于质子交换膜燃料电池的研究

通过将全氟磺酸溶液加入到胛FE多孔膜中制备了PFSI／PTFE复合膜。SEM的测试结果显示,已有一层均匀的薄的PFSI膜存在于PTFE多孔膜表面,全氟磺酸树脂已均匀地分布到PTFE多孔膜中。实验证明,复合膜的强度和尺寸稳定性都优于单膜;厚度为40μm的复合膜,其电性能与厚度为60μm的单膜接近,复合膜最低膜厚可达20μm。用价格相对便宜的PTFE来部分代替昂贵的全氟磺酸树脂,可以减少全氟树脂的用量,降低质子交换膜燃料电池的制造成本。     

含面内刚性转角自由度的四边形广义协调膜元

在常规4结点膜单元内增加独立的平面内刚体转角自由度,采用四边形等参元形式,基于广义协调理论建立了含转角自由度的四边形广义协调膜元,避免了常规平面膜元由于忽略平面内转动而引发转动零刚度、导致刚度阵奇异的缺陷.广义协调元法具有非协调元不要求精确协调的优点,且随着单元细分可趋近于协调元,保证了广义协调元的收敛性.应用于经典的Cook问题、悬臂粱问题和MacNeal粱问题,该单元计算精度高、收敛性好、无零能模式.网格畸变分析表明,该单元弱梯形闭锁、单元抗畸变性较好,与矩形单元相比,具有单元划分的灵活性和适应性.     

Effect of Salvianolic Acid B on Mitochondrial Function of CerebralIschemia in Mice

The effects of salvianolic acid B (SalB) on the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), calcium, and apoptosis of neurons with cerebral ischemia in mice were investigated using an acute cerebral ischemia model established by ligating the bilateral common carotid arteries in mice. The MMP, the intracellular calcium concentration, and the apoptosis rate of cortical neurons were measured at 6 min, 12 min, 18 min, 24 min, and 30 min after cerebral ischemia by a flow cytometer. The experiments show that SalB increases the MMP and reduces the intracellular calcium and the apoptosis rate at different stages of the cerebral ischemia in mice. The results show that the protective mechanism of SalB on cerebral ischemia enhances the MMP and maintains intracellular calcium homeostasis.     

建筑PVC膜材双轴正交拉伸循环试验

通过对PVC膜材进行7种应力比下的双轴正交拉伸循环试验,经纬向应力比值分别为0∶1,1∶5,1∶2,1∶1,2∶1,5∶1和1∶0,对膜材在双轴拉伸作用下的拉伸特性进行了研究.试验表明,经过3次循环作用后,膜材的力学试验性能更接近工程实际情况,且材料具有非线性和正交各向异性.在循环荷载作用下,初次循环后残余应变较大.随着循环次数的增加（一般3次后）,残余应变趋于常数,滞回曲线形状趋于稳定.采用双轴拉伸试验方法测定了PVC膜材的广义泊松比,验证了广义泊松比的非线性特征.试验证明,当经纬向应力比C≥1时,经向应变为正值;当C≥0.5时,广义泊松比变为负值;当应力比C为1∶0或0∶1时,双轴变成单轴试验,广义泊松比测定变成常规泊松比试验.理论和试验均证明当C1时,膜材的经向和纬向同时具有最大的弹性模量.     

反渗透技术处理含Pu废液的影响因素分析及应用

为了探究反渗透(reverse osmosis,RO)技术处理含Pu废液的可行性及影响因素,对含Pu废水的处理提供指导,进行了系统的反渗透实验.结果 表明:膜通量随着温度和压强的提高而提高;截留率随着压强、原水活度的提高而提高,随着温度的提高而降低,在pH为膜的等电点附近时最低;在实际废水处理中,反渗透装置始终保持稳定运行15 h,共净化处理废水8L,产水达标.可见反渗透技术对含Pu废液的处理具有良好的效果及重要的应用价值.     

聚偏氟乙烯/磷酸化纳米二氧化硅螯合金属锆杂化膜

结合原位合成法和相转化法,利用正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和硅烷偶联剂3氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)改性制备聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)/氨基化纳米二氧化硅(NH 2-SiO 2)杂化膜,然后通过磷酸化处理,固定螯合金属锆(Zr),从而提高杂化膜对卵清蛋白的吸附能力,同时改善了杂化膜的亲水性能。当TEOS质量分数为8%时,改性后的磷酸化Zr+PVDF/NH 2-SiO 2杂化膜对卵清蛋白吸附量达到最大,为150.7 mg/g,且其经过4次吸附洗脱重复循环后对卵清蛋白的解吸附率保持在80%以上,显示该杂化膜具有良好的重复吸附和解吸附能力。